Journalism
Journalism is that part of social activity. This is considered with dissemination of news and views about the society. Reporting on government,politics,economics and other news and issues. Journalism as a craft, a profession and even as a trade or business is over to centuries. Old it was made possible by the coming together of technologies as well as several social, political and economical developments.
The word journalist, journal and journalism are derived from different journal. French journal, which its turn come from the Latin term “diurnals” or daily.
To way a journalist is any are who contributes in some way to the gathering selection and processing of news and current affairs for the press,radio,film,TV, and the internet .the editors,correspondence,assistant editors,reporters,sub editors,proof readers,cartoonists,photographers,and journalists and also audio and video editors, news readers,producers.journalists while free line journalist are these who are vocational contributors.
“A method of art of collecting and presenting information that attract distributed through various channels”.
“A way of sustaining enriching and challenging social forms.”
“Journalism is a contemporary report. Change scene intended to inform readers of what is happening around them”.
FUNCTIONS
The primary functions of journalism are to give information, to educate the mass, and to entertain at the same time .looking back to the past the pres had mainly two functions. They were information and influence to the public.
- INFORMATION
The information function includes all reports, news and happenings concerning daily life activities. it covers all news items regarding govt,politics,accidents…etc…
- INFLUENCE
The 2nd major function of journalism helps in influencing the opinion of the readers through editorials,articles,or certain special features.it also includes editorials,cartoons and comments made on news and events by journalist or the editors.
- ENTERTAINMENT
This fuction includes all types of fixed materials like comics,scripts,stories etc..the entertainment function stands vital sence it compete for space and time with the other functions.but it also give an indirect influence and give the information indirectly.
PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM
The main function of journalism is to bring to late to the people what its members feel and think journalist are supposed to process a good deal of intelligence knowledge and appearance as well as natural and trained powers of observations and recording.
- SINCIORITY, TRUTH-FULLNESS AND ACCURACY.
Good faith with the reader is the foundation of journalism. Worth of name by every consideration of good faith a newspaper is constructing to be truthfull.headline should be corrected justify by the content of the articles.
2. IMPARTIALITY
News reporters should be free from opinions or bear of any kind never report a strong on
Personal interest.
3. FAIRPLAY
A newspaper should not published and unofficial changes affecting reputation on moral character without opportunity given to the accused to be heard. It is the privilege has it is the duty of the newspaper to make prompt and complete corruptions of its on serious mistake or fact or opinion whatever their origin.
- RESPONSIBILITY
The write of a newspaper attract the readers and the main aim of the journalism in public welfare. A journalist never use his power for any selfish or other were and unworthy purpose.
sources of news
1, News Agency
2, Stock Exchange
3, Press Releases
4, Press Conferences
5, House Journals
6, cabinet
7, Court
8, Govt Offices
9, Parliament
10, Religious Centres
11, Tourist Centres
12, Bus Stations, railway stations, airports
13, Educational institutions
14, Markets Streets
15, Sports Organisations
16, Party Offices
17,Factories & Industries
18, Public functions
19, internet
20, Interviews
21, Police Stations
22, Hospitals
NEWS VALUES
What is news?
“News is something new and notable. News has some dimensions and respective, according to time, place, publication and interest of the audience. Numerous factors affect what can be called news. Here are some conventional criteria for news.”
- TIMELINESS
Modern society is one of rapid changes and developments and the increasing alert and intelligent public has the right to receive its news with all speed possible. Therefore, that decision can be made promptly.todays electronic transmission of news provides the audience with the logical expectations of receiving almost instantaneous news.
- PROXIMITY
The geographic nearness or distance of an event can make a story more or less attractive to the reader. People like to read about what is near to them. An accident in another state would not little interest because few readers would know the area.
- PROMINENTS
Names always make news. The more powerful he or she is the more prominent he or she becomes. Power is note only measured in political but also in economical and social terms.socialy our news value of prominent include the concept of glamour which is often a byproduct of the entertainment industry or of professional sport.prominents does not only refer to persons but also to event places and even countries.
- CONFLICT
The element of conflict is present in many daily situations, sports events,elections,debates and arguments among legislatures and the national and state or local levels. People identify with the personalities or issues involved in conflicts and want to know about them.mankinds relationships seem to abound with conflict and competition.
- HUMAN INTEREST
Human interest category covers the variety of subjects that may lack story elements such as prominents,real consequences disaster, conflict or timeliness. Editors assign or select many stories not so much for their impact on the community or the world as for their ability to arouse sympathetic interest in the readers. The story situations are worthy because they deal with such elements as youth or senior citizens, pets adventure attractive girls or woman’s success overcoming handicaps,romance,strange places for merely unusual people.
- CONSEQUENCES
One important duty of journalist to keep readers advised on matters of consequences and important those are usually developing around them. a pending strike may affect not only the involved workers but also the supply and price of vital goods. Similarly, legislature in every state and community are dealing with important matters that people expect to know about.
- DISASTER AND PROGRESS
These are two important news values. When an earthquake, rocks a city, newspaper devote pages to stories and pictures describing the laws of lives and property. The bad news usually outdraws the +ve in exiting readers interest. A few progress stories manage to capture headline and readers attentions.
